forcode：本来是要帮导师查一下各个国家人口管理机构的情况，查完了日本，然后查美国，发现美国的人口管理是由”人口、难民与移民署“（Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration）负责的，但是主要的人口项目则是通过USAID来实施。在PRM的网站看到了2005年的一个财政援助项目清单，其中居然有对流亡印度和尼泊尔藏人的资金支持，2006年的计划是200万美元。美国政府的其他机构或许还有对达赖的资金支持，可以想象，如果没有西方国家的资金支持，达赖集团不可能在国外活得那么潇洒。

PRM does not manage population program funds; this is done by USAID.

美国人口、难民与移民署每年给印度流亡的西藏人200万美元？
http://www.state.gov/g/prm/rls/orgfund/50962.htm


图片相册地址：
http://picasaweb.google.com/woodphone/SMDMZ

The Tibet Fund
SPRMCO05CA039

South Asia

India/
Nepal

Continued Support for reception facilities, education and health for Tibetans in India and Nepal.

5/15/05-5/14/06

$2,000,000.00

顺便把我查好的日本和美国政府的人口管理相关机构的信息也附在本文后面吧：

日本人口普查：
http://www.soumu.go.jp/english/soumu/soshiki.html
日本历年人口普查资料：
http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/kokusei/index.htm
日本人口预测：
http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/index.htm
总务省-统计局-统计调查处-人口普查科
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Statistics Bureau
Statistical Survey Department
Population Census Division

日本统计数据：
http://portal.stat.go.jp/PubStat/topE.html
2. POPULATION, VITAL STATISTICS
http://www.stat.go.jp/english/index/official/202.htm
2.1     Population Census (Designated Statistical Survey)
2.2     Vital Statistics (Designated Statistical Survey)
2.3     Internal Migration Reporting System (Notified Survey)
2.4     Monthly Report on Current Population Estimates (Processed Statistics)
2.5     Population Projection for Japan (Processed Statistics)
2.6     Statistical Survey on Legal Migrants (Notified Survey)
2.7     Statistical Survey of Registered Foreigners (Notified Survey)
2.8     Grid-Square Statistics (Processed Statistics)
2.9     Life Tables (Processed Statistics)
2.1 Population Census (Designated Statistical Survey)
2.1 Population Census (Designated Statistical Survey)
Responsible agency: Population Census Division, Statistical Survey Department, Statistics Bureau, Ministry of  Internal Affairs and Communications.

Purpose: This basic national survey is conducted every five years on long-term residents in Japan to ascertain actual population status. In accordance with the Statistics Law, the large -scale census is conducted every 10 years, and a simplified census is carried out in the middle of the intercensal period, or every five years. The 2005 census was a simplified census.

日本人口研究：
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/org/detail/index.html
厚生劳动省-国立社会保障-人口问题研究所
http://www.ipss.go.jp/index-e.html
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
National Institute of Population and Social Security Research

Introduction
http://www.ipss.go.jp/pr-ad/e/eng/01.html
The National Institute of Population and Social Security Research was established as a national institution for policy studies under the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in December 1996. The Institute of Population Problems and the Social Development Research Institute were integrated to form the present Institute.

Japan will experience rapid population decline and aging in the first half of this century. However, the Japanese economy cannot be expected to show rapid growth as before. Budget deficit also is a major challenge to the Japanese government.

Under such demographic and economic conditions, the Japanese social security system, which was designed with an assumption of a relatively young population structure and rapid economic growth, needs to be reviewed from its foundation. Keeping abreast with studies on developed countries faced with similar problems, and developing countries aiming at establishing social security systems for the future, we are conducting research on the socioeconomic background of changes in Japanese population and projecting the future national population. In addition, we are conducting research in various fields of social security, such as pension, medical care, long-term care, and child care. Also, we are conducting theoretical and empirical research to clarify the interrelationship among population, economy, society, and social security. The goal of the research is to disseminate these research outcomes, thereby contributing to actual policy formulation.

History

Declining fertility, aging population and stagnant economic growth have made the relationship between population and social security much closer than before, and have led to an increasing need for research on the relationship between these two in a comprehensive manner. The then Ministry of Health and Welfare, having examined the reorganization of its research institutions to meet the research needs of the current period, decided to integrate the Institute of Population Problems and the Social Development Research Institute to establish the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research in 1996. In 2001, the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Ministry of Labour were integrated to form the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The Institute aims at improving the well-being of the nation by communicating the results of research on the welfare state to administrators, drawing on research on the interrelationship among population, economy and social security, as well as separate research on population and social security with a new perspective from the field of labor.

关于该机构更多信息见这里：
http://www.ipss.go.jp/pr-ad/e/eng/index.html

有关日本的其他网址：
http://web-japan.org/links/index.html

美国人口、难民和移民署
行政隶属关系：
Secretary of state
Deputy Secretary of state
Under Secretary for Democracy and Global Affairs
Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration
http://www.state.gov/g/prm/

Reflecting the best humanitarian traditions of the American people, the U.S. Government funds protection and life-sustaining relief for millions of refugees and victims of conflict around the globe. The United States also admits tens of thousands of refugees annually for permanent resettlement. The Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM), headed by Acting Assistant Secretary Samuel M. Witten, is central to these efforts. Within the government, PRM has primary responsibility for formulating policies on population, refugees, and migration, and for administering U.S. refugee assistance and admissions programs.

PRM coordinates U.S. international population policy and promotes its goals through bilateral and multilateral cooperation. It works closely with the U.S. Agency for International Development, which administers U.S. international population programs. The Bureau also coordinates U.S. international migration policy within the U.S. Government and through bilateral and multilateral diplomacy.

PRM administers and monitors U.S. contributions to international and non-governmental organizations to assist and protect refugees abroad. In overseeing admissions of refugees to the United States for permanent resettlement, the Bureau works closely with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, the Department of Health and Human Services, and various state and private voluntary agencies.

Population and Migration

Population

The world is facing many complex population and migration dynamics over the next 50 years. The current world population of 6.5 billion is estimated to be growing by 1.2% annually, reaching over nine billion by 2050, according to the United Nations. The planet will soon experience the largest generation of youth in human history. Yet in some parts of the world, population growth rates are declining, with some countries experiencing negative growth rates. Many societies are aging, and in some nations the increasing proportion of elderly in the population is placing pressure on existing public sector pension systems and social welfare programs. These dynamics pose challenges for governments. International migration may help to mitigate the effects of population aging in some countries, but cannot completely compensate for it.

The goal of U.S. policy in this field is to promote healthy and educated populations. The U.S. does not endorse population “stabilization” or “control.” The “ideal” family size should be determined by the desires of couples, not governments. All decisions on the number, spacing, and timing of children should be made without coercion; the U.S. strongly opposes coercive population programs. The United States, with the support of the Congress, is the world’s largest donor of maternal and reproductive health assistance, providing approximately $429 million in FY 2005.

PRM takes the lead for the Department of State on matters related to international population policy, working closely with the Bureau for International Organizations, USAID, and other USG agencies. The Bureau works to increase national and international awareness of population issues and integrate these issues into broader economic growth and development strategies. PRM also monitors demographic trends, and seeks to integrate them into the policy process. PRM represents the U.S. on the governing bodies of relevant international and multilateral organizations, such as the UN Population Fund (UNFPA), and the UN Commission on Population and Development (CPD). PRM does not manage population program funds; this is done by USAID. Most U.S. population assistance is provided through the USAID Child Survival and Health Account. PRM does, however, support public diplomacy relating to population programming, in partnership with USAID.

Migration

There are more than 175 million migrants in the world today. People leave their countries for many reasons, including war and civil conflict, the desire for economic improvement, family reunification and environmental degradation.

The United States supports safe, orderly and legal migration. Our policy on international migration focuses on the human rights of migrants, protection for asylum-seekers, opposition to uncontrolled and illegal migration, support for anti-trafficking efforts, and encouragement of the rapid integration of legal immigrants.

The Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM) works closely with the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Labor, and relevant international organizations, the International Organization on Migration (IOM) and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), to advance U.S. migration policy goals. One of the Bureau’s key strategies for advancing effective and humane migration policies is to support and participate in regional migration dialogues, such as the Regional Conference on Migration. PRM also participates in efforts to prevent trafficking in persons especially the most vulnerable including women and children by increasing public awareness of the criminal and human rights abuses involved and providing assistance to victims, including through supporting the return and reintegration programs of trafficking victims to their countries of origin. The Bureau also works to ensure that the United States’ domestic legislation and policies regarding migrants are consistent with our international obligations.

Refugee Admissions and Resettlement

The Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration,  as part of its commitment to strengthening the effectiveness of U.S. refugee assistance and admissions programs, travels to various regions around the world to assess resettlement needs of refugees. The United States remains the largest resettlement country in the world while also contributing to life-sustaining assistance programs that have an impact on millions of refugees, displaced persons, and victims of conflict.

Funding Opportunities

U.S. refugee policy is based on the premise that the care of refugees and other conflict victims and the pursuit of permanent solutions for refugee crises are shared international responsibilities. Accordingly, most overseas assistance funds will be contributed to programs administered by international organizations. When required to address specific assistance needs and objectives, PRM also may support programs of non-governmental organizations that carry out relief services overseas — many in conjunction with the programs of international organizations. PRM’s funding actions represent those finalized with international and non-governmental organizations.

Refugee Assistance

PRM administers and monitors U.S. contributions to international and non-governmental organizations to assist and protect refugees abroad. In overseeing admissions of refugees to the United States for permanent resettlement, the Bureau works closely with the U.S Citizenship and Immigration Services, the Department of Health and Human Services, and various state and private voluntary agencies.

Junior Professional Officer (JPO) & Associate Expert (AE) Programs

The United States, through the Department of State’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM), sponsors qualified U.S. citizens for employment in the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Junior Professional Officer (JPO) program and in the International Organization for Migration (IOM) Associate Expert (AE) program. PRM sponsors and funds these programs as just one tangible means of demonstrating the U.S. Government’s commitment to helping refugees, victims of conflict, and vulnerable migrants around the world. This fully funded staffing program strengthens the capacity of UNHCR and IOM to meet this goal. The JPO and AE programs also encourage U.S. citizens to become active members of the international community. Many JPOs and AEs successfully compete for positions at UNHCR, IOM and in other International and Non-Governmental Organizations following completion of their assignments.

JPO and AE program selection is highly competitive. Although the qualifications for JPO and AE positions vary by assignment, a graduate or law degree in a relevant discipline and proficiency in at least one U.N. working language in addition to English are preferred. Competitive applicants generally possess three or more years of work experience in a developing country and an academic background in fields related to human rights, forced migration, humanitarian assistance, development or immigration law, for example. Prior work experience in or familiarity with the UN system or IOM is also helpful. The JPO and AE selection processes are carried out jointly by PRM and UNHCR or IOM.
For additional program information, please refer to JPO & AE Vacancies and Frequently Asked Questions on this website.

美国人口问题方面的援助由USAID负责：
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
http://www.usaid.gov/

美国人口普查
http://www.census.gov/
http://www.census.gov/main/www/aboutus.html
行政隶属关系：
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
secretary deputy secretary
Chief of Staff
Economics and Statistics administration
Bureau of the Census

Facts about the Census Bureau

Our Mission - The Census Bureau serves as the leading source of quality data about the nation’s people and economy. We honor privacy, protect confidentiality, share our expertise globally, and conduct our work openly. We are guided on this mission by our strong and capable workforce, our readiness to innovate, and our abiding commitment to our customers.

Our Authority - The United States Census Bureau operates under Title 13, United States Code.

Our Goal - To provide the best mix of timeliness, relevancy, quality, and cost for the data we collect and services we provide.

* History - did you know the first census was in 1790?
* Census Bureau Strategic Plan - Our common mission, strategies to achieve the mission, and indicators of progress
* Department of Commerce Strategic Plan
* President’s Budget to Congress FY 2009 [PDF - 5.7M]
* FY 2009 Budget in Brief
* Annual Financial Report, 2000 [PDF - 9.4M]
* Census Data Protection & Privacy Policy - Federal law protects your information
* Internet Site - downtime and more
* Contacting the Census Bureau
* Maps and directions to the Census Bureau
* We are part of the U.S. Department of Commerce

U.S. Census Bureau Strategic Plan

The Census Bureau’s Strategic Plan describes a common mission, identifies strategies to achieve the mission, and sets critical indicators of progress. It outlines the work of the Census Bureau over most of this decade — from FY 2007 through FY 2012 for most programs, and through FY 2013 for the reengineered 2010 Census.

In addition to goals and objectives, the plan includes strategies and means — how the work will be accomplished — and performance indicators — how progress will be measured.

This plan supports the Department of Commerce’s Strategic Plan, Goal 1, Objective 1.3.

Department of Commerce Strategic Plan.

–
未来新技术和新趋势的种种可能：
奇想录 http://www.qixianglu.cn
订 阅 http://feed.feedsky.com/woodphone
非主流的科幻界的非主流论坛——奇想家园：
http://www.douban.com/group/forcode/

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